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	Subject of the scale: Hip - knee

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)		Download / Print : PDF

This is a Swedish self-assessment questionnaire published in 1998 (Roos et al. 1998) which evaluates the patient's opinion about his knee and the associated problems.

The KOOS assesses the consequences of the knee injury in both the short and the long term, and the consequences of gonarthrosis.

It contains 42 items divided into five sub-sub-scales:
KOOS Pain, KOOS Symptoms, Function in daily living (KOOS ADL), Sport (KOOS Sport) and Knee related quality of life (KOOS QOL). The total scores can vary from 0 to 100.

> Access to the scale is free.

Criteria	Psychometric properties		References
Validity	Face validity		[3]
	Content validity		[3]
	Criterion validity	Concurrent validity
		Predictive validity
	Construct validity	Convergent validity	[5]
		Divergent validity
		Discriminant validity (sensitivity and distinctiveness)
Reliability	Intra-rater reliability		[5]
	Inter-rater reliability
	Test-retest		[2]
Internal consistency (alpha)			[2] [5]
Responsiveness			[6]

General comment on reliability:

The construct validity has been assessed in a manner open to dispute, since it was only compared to the SF36 [1].
The advantage of this scale is that it is a self-assessment questionnaire.
However its slightly complicated method of calculation, the absence of assurance of a correct construct validity, and the absence of comparison with the scales traditionally used could be criticised.

Reference update:

To notify us of a missing reference, please use: contact@scale-library.com

For more details of the scale, the comments or the psychometric properties presented here, please contact Dr. Olivier UCAY :

References: Inaugural references: [1] Roos EM, Roos HP, Lohmander LS, Ekdahl C, Beynnon BD. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)--development of a self-administered outcome measure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. août 1998;28(2):88 96 Psychometric references: [2] Roos EM, Toksvig-Larsen S: Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation and comparison to the WOMAC in total knee replacement. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2003, 1:17 [3] Collins, N. J., D. Misra, et al. (2011). "Measures of knee function: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS), Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADL), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Activity Rating Scale (ARS), and Tegner Activity Score (TAS)." Arthritis care & research 63 Suppl 11: S208-228. [4] Tanner, S. M., K. N. Dainty, et al. (2007). "Knee-specific quality-of-life instruments: which ones measure symptoms and disabilities most important to patients?" Am J Sports Med 35(9): 1450-1458. [5] Salavati, M., B. Akhbari, et al. (2011). "Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS); reliability and validity in competitive athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction." Osteoarthritis and cartilage / OARS, Osteoarthritis Research Society 19(4): 406-410 [6] Collins, N. J. and E. M. Roos (2012). "Patient-reported outcomes for total hip and knee arthroplasty: commonly used instruments and attributes of a "good" measure." Clinics in geriatric medicine 28(3): 367-394. [8] Irrgang JJ, Anderson AF, Boland AL, Harner CD, Kurosaka M, Neyret P, et al. Development and validation of the international knee documentation committee subjective knee form. Am J Sports Med. oct 2001;29(5):600 13. [9] Irrgang JJ, Anderson AF, Boland AL, Harner CD, Neyret P, Richmond JC, et al. Responsiveness of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form. Am J Sports Med. oct 2006;34(10):1567 73 [10] Roos, E. M. and S. Toksvig-Larsen (2003). "Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation and comparison to the WOMAC in total knee replacement." Health Qual Life Outcomes 1(1): 1

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< Back	Subject of the scale: Hip - knee

International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form 2000 (IKDC)		Download / Print : PDF

This is a new version of the initial IKDC proposed by the ESSKA (European Society for Sports traumatology Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy) and the AOSSM (American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine), little used previously owing to its complex method of calculation.

This self-assessment questionnaire is divided into three parts (symptoms, sports activities, function) and gives a score between 0 (worst) and 100 (best). This result is interpreted as a measurement of the capacity of the function, such that the highest results represent the highest performing levels of the function and the lowest levels of the symptoms. A result of 100 means that there is no limit to the daily activities and sports and that there are no symptoms.

The standards have been calculated according to age and sex [3]:
. for men, 18-24 years=89 +/- 18, 25-34 years=89 +/- 16, 35-50 years=85 +/- 19, 51-55 years=77 +/- 23;
. for women: 18-24 years=86 +/- 19, 25-34 years=86 +/- 19, 35-50 years=80 +/- 23), 51-55 years=71 +/- 26.

Thus in a young population, a KDC of over 70% is considered necessary to resume sport.

> Access to the scale is free.

Criteria	Psychometric properties		References
Validity	Face validity
	Content validity		[1]
	Criterion validity	Concurrent validity
		Predictive validity
	Construct validity	Convergent validity
		Divergent validity
		Discriminant validity (sensitivity and distinctiveness)
Reliability	Intra-rater reliability
	Inter-rater reliability
	Test-retest		[1]
Internal consistency (alpha)			[1]
Responsiveness			[2]

General comment on reliability:

This questionnaire has good qualities of validity, sensitivity to change and reproducibility on knee injuries [2].
The validity has been correlated with the physical function items of the SF 36 quality of life questionnaire (Pearson coefficient r=0.47-0.66).
Its internal consistency is excellent with an alpha coefficient at 0.92 and its test-retest reproducibility is 0.95.
Irrgang & al. showed that a variation of 11.5 points has the best sensitivity and 20.5 the best specificity to change for the subjective IKDC, with an effect size (ES) of 1.13 and a standardised response mean (SRM) of 0.94. The minimum detectable difference is 12.8 [2].

Reference update:

To notify us of a missing reference, please use: contact@scale-library.com

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)

Tegner & Lysholm

SF36

For more details of the scale, the comments or the psychometric properties presented here, please contact Dr. Olivier UCAY :

Inaugural references:

[1] Irrgang JJ, Anderson AF, Boland AL, Harner CD, Kurosaka M, Neyret P, et al. Development and validation of the international knee documentation committee subjective knee form. Am J Sports Med. oct 2001;29(5):600?13.

Psychometric references:

[2] Irrgang JJ, Anderson AF, Boland AL, Harner CD, Neyret P, Richmond JC, et al. Responsiveness of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form. Am J Sports Med. oct 2006;34(10):1567?73

[3] Anderson AF, Irrgang JJ, Kocher MS, Mann BJ, Harrast JJ, International Knee Documentation Committee. The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form: normative data. Am J Sports Med. janv 2006;34(1):128?35.

[4] Chaory K, Poiraudeau S. [Rating scores for ACL ligamentoplasty]. Ann Réadapt Médecine Phys Rev Sci Société Fr Rééduc Fonct Réadapt Médecine Phys. août 2004;47(6):309?16.